📚 每日英语必背单词 · 2026-06-16
1. assume /əˈsjuːm/ (US /əˈsuːm/) - 释义：v. 假定，认为；承担（责任/角色）；假装，装出 - 同义词：presume, suppose, take on, adopt - 近义词：believe, think, postulate - 反义词：deny, reject, prove, doubt - 易误用词：presume（presume 比 assume 更强调有依据地推定；assume 偏主观假定）
例句： 1. Don’t assume he’ll be there on time. —— 日常口语 2. We assume that the data is accurate unless proven otherwise. —— 学术写作常用 3. She assumed the role of team leader. —— 职场语境 4. He assumed an air of indifference. —— 文学作品 5. It is reasonable to assume that prices will rise. —— 经济学读物 6. Never assume—always check the facts. —— 新闻报道 7. The company assumed full responsibility for the accident. —— 商业新闻 8. Assuming all goes well, we’ll finish by Friday. —— 项目会议 9. I assumed you knew about the change. —— 日常对话 10. The theory assumes a closed economic system. —— 教科书《Principles of Economics》
2. concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ - 释义：v. 集中（注意力/精力）；浓缩 n. 浓缩物 - 同义词：focus, center, condense - 近义词：direct, fix one’s attention - 反义词：distract, disperse, dilute - 易误用词：concentrate（动词”专注/浓缩”）≠ concentration（名词，浓度/专注力），勿混用
例句： 1. Please concentrate on what I’m saying. —— 课堂用语 2. The factory concentrates orange juice. —— 食品工业说明 3. She couldn’t concentrate with the TV on. —— 日常对话 4. Efforts were concentrated in the coastal region. —— 新闻报导 5. Concentrate your fire on the target! —— 军事用语（经典例句） 6. The population is concentrated in urban areas. —— 地理教材 7. Try to concentrate for just ten more minutes. —— 学习指导 8. The acid was concentrated by evaporation. —— 化学实验手册 9. He concentrated all his energy on the final exam. —— 学生日记 10. Most of the wealth is concentrated in few hands. —— 《The Wealth of Nations》引申引用
3. essential /ɪˈsenʃl/ - 释义：adj. 必不可少的；本质的 n.（常复数）要素，要点 - 同义词：necessary, vital, indispensable, fundamental - 近义词：crucial, key, basic - 反义词：nonessential, optional, superfluous - 易误用词：essential（必要性）≠ inherent（内在固有的），注意区分
例句： 1. Water is essential for life. —— 科普读物 2. Good communication is essential in a team. —— 管理培训 3. The essential point is that you must register first. —— 办事指南 4. These are the essentials of first aid. —— 红十字会手册 5. An essential part of the job is dealing with clients. —— 招聘说明 6. The course covers the essential concepts of biology. —— 大学教学大纲 7. It is essential that he be present at the hearing. —— 法律文件（虚拟语气） 8. Essential oils are used in aromatherapy. —— 健康杂志 9. Freedom of speech is an essential element of democracy. —— 政治读本 10. They stripped the argument down to its essential elements. —— 哲学入门
4. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ - 释义：n. 影响（力）；势力 v. 影响 - 同义词：affect, sway, impact, power - 近义词：shape, alter, impress upon - 反义词：irrelevance, indifference - 易误用词：influence（中性”影响”）≠ affect（尤指情感上打动或产生作用），二者可互换但语用不同
例句： 1. His teacher had a great influence on him. —— 传记文字 2. Don’t let peer pressure influence your decision. —— 青少年教育 3. The moon influences ocean tides. —— 科学常识 4. She used her influence to get the bill passed. —— 政治新闻 5. Climate can influence crop yields. —— 农业报告 6. The writer was influenced by Hemingway. —— 文学评论 7. Advertising influences what people buy. —— 消费研究 8. He is a man of considerable influence in the city. —— 报纸报道 9. Parental behavior strongly influences children’s development. —— 心理学教材 10. No external factors influenced the jury’s verdict. —— 法庭纪录
5. recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ (BrE also recognise) - 释义：v. 认出；承认，认可；意识到 - 同义词：identify, acknowledge, admit, perceive - 近义词：know again, accept, appreciate - 反义词：ignore, overlook, deny, disavow - 易误用词：recognize（重新认出/承认）≠ realise（突然意识到某事实），英式拼写 recognise
例句： 1. I didn’t recognize you with your new haircut! —— 日常对话 2. The government refused to recognize the new state. —— 国际新闻 3. We recognize the need for further research. —— 学术论文 4. She recognized his voice immediately. —— 小说片段 5. The certificate is recognized nationwide. —— 学校官网 6. He was recognized for his contribution to science. —— 颁奖辞 7. Do you recognize this piece of music? —— 音乐课 8. The court recognized her claim to the property. —— 法律文书 9. I recognize that I made a mistake. —— 道歉信 10. Birds recognize their parents by song. —— 《National Geographic》
1. adjacent /əˈdʒeɪsnt/ - 释义：adj. 邻近的，毗连的（to sth） - 同义词：neighboring, adjoining, next to, contiguous - 近义词：close by, bordering - 反义词：distant, remote, separated - 易误用词：adjacent 强调位置相邻（常后接 to）；adjoining 强调共用边界；勿与 relevant 混淆
例句： 1. The library is adjacent to the science building. —— 校园导览 2. Adjacent rooms were reserved for the delegation. —— 酒店管理 3. Check the adjacent cells for errors. —— Excel 帮助文档 4. Fires spread quickly to adjacent buildings. —— 消防报告 5. The two adjacent plots were merged into one. —— 地产合同 6. Adjacent counties reported similar rainfall. —— 气象公报 7. Look at the adjacent paragraph for context. —— 阅读理解提示 8. Signal interference occurred in adjacent frequency bands. —— 通信工程教材 9. The park and the museum are adjacent. —— 旅游指南 10. Genes on adjacent chromosomes may be co-expressed. —— 生物学论文摘要
2. evoke /ɪˈvəʊk/ - 释义：v. 唤起（记忆/情感/反应）；使人想到 - 同义词：elicit, summon, bring to mind - 近义词：arouse, stir, prompt - 反义词：suppress, stifle, dampen - 易误用词：evoke（唤起抽象感受/记忆）≠ invoke（援引法律/规则/神灵），六级高频辨析
例句： 1. The smell of rain evoked childhood memories. —— 散文 2. His speech evoked strong emotions from the crowd. —— 新闻 3. The poem evokes a sense of loneliness. —— 文学赏析 4. The ruling evoked widespread criticism. —— 社论 5. Certain words evoke different associations in each culture. —— 语言学讲义 6. The film’s music evokes the atmosphere of old Paris. —— 影评 7. The advertisement is designed to evoke desire. —— 营销教材 8. Nothing she said evoked a response from him. —— 小说对话 9. The painting evokes comparisons with Van Gogh. —— 艺术评论 10. A good question can evoke deep reflection. —— 教育学著作
3. paramount /ˈpærəmaʊnt/ - 释义：adj. 至上的，最重要的，首要的（前置或作表语） - 同义词：supreme, foremost, dominant, overriding - 近义词：most important, chief, critical - 反义词：minor, insignificant, secondary, trivial - 易误用词：paramount（重要性最高）≠ precedent（先例），拼写易混
例句： 1. Safety is of paramount importance. —— 航空安全指示 2. The constitution is the paramount law of the land. —— 法学教材 3. Protecting civilians is a paramount concern. —— 联合国报告 4. Customer satisfaction is paramount to our business. —— 公司宗旨 5. In times of crisis, unity becomes paramount. —— 政论文章 6. The king held paramount authority. —— 历史文献 7. Respecting local customs is paramount when traveling. —— 旅游手册 8. For the detective, finding the truth was paramount. —— 侦探小说 9. Environmental protection is now a paramount issue globally. —— 社论 10. The interests of the child are paramount in custody cases. —— 英国家庭法条文
4. reconcile /ˈrekənsaɪl/ - 释义：v. 使和解；调和（矛盾/观点）；使接受（不愉快事实） - 同义词：resolve, harmonize, settle, accept - 近义词：bring into agreement, make peace - 反义词：alienate, aggravate, widen (the gap) - 易误用词：reconcile A with B（使…一致）≠ relate A to B（关联），是六级阅读高频搭配
例句： 1. The couple reconciled after a year apart. —— 生活类阅读 2. How can we reconcile theory with practice? —— 教育论文 3. I cannot reconcile his actions with his principles. —— 评论文章 4. She found it hard to reconcile herself to the loss. —— 小说心理描写 5. The figures in the two reports must be reconciled. —— 会计手册 6. They reconciled their differences and signed the treaty. —— 历史课本 7. It is difficult to reconcile these conflicting accounts. —— 新闻报道 8. Reconcile yourself to working late tonight. —— 商务邮件 9. Bank statements should be reconciled monthly. —— 财务制度说明 10. Ancient philosophy tried to reconcile fate with free will. —— 哲学史概论
5. subtle /ˈsʌtl/ - 释义：adj. 细微的，微妙的；敏锐的；精巧的 - 同义词：delicate, faint, nuanced, refined - 近义词：slight, imperceptible, perceptive - 反义词：obvious, blatant, gross, crude - 易误用词：subtle 拼写易漏第二个 t；意思≠ slight（slight 侧重”少量/微小程度”，subtle 侧重”难以察觉但有意义”）
例句： 1. There’s a subtle difference between the two terms. —— 词典说明 2. Her smile had a subtle irony. —— 文学描写 3. He is a subtle observer of human nature. —— 人物评价 4. The painting uses subtle shades of blue. —— 艺评 5. A subtle change in tone can alter meaning completely. —— 语言学讲义 6. The drug produces subtle improvements over time. —— 医学报告 7. Politicians often rely on subtle hints rather than direct statements. —— 政治分析 8. The humor is so subtle you might miss it. —— 影评 9. Subtle biases affect decision-making. —— 心理学研究 10. Note the subtle shift in the author’s attitude. —— 阅读理解题原文
1. acquiesce /ˌækwiˈes/ - 释义：v. 默许，勉强同意（~ in/to sth） - 同义词：consent tacitly, comply, yield, assent - 近义词：agree reluctantly, go along with - 反义词：resist, oppose, protest, dissent - 易误用词：acquiesce 暗含”不情愿但也不反对”的沉默同意；consent 更正式明确；注意发音 /ˌækwiˈes/
例句： 1. He acquiesced in the decision, though he had doubts. —— 政论文章 2. The public silently acquiesced to the new regulation. —— 社会学论文 3. She shrugged, acquiescing to his plan. —— 文学小说 4. Management will not acquiesce to unreasonable demands. —— 商务谈判纪要 5. History shows that evil thrives when good men acquiesce. —— 常被引自 Edmund Burke 精神 6. Parliament acquiesced in the treaty by not voting against it. —— 宪法学案例 7. The weaker party acquiesces out of expediency. —— 国际关系理论 8. He nodded to indicate his acquiescence. —— 外交纪实 9. Few are willing to acquiesce in such an injustice. —— 社论 10. The board’s silent acquiescence was taken as approval. —— 公司治理报告
2. florid /ˈflɒrɪd/ - 释义：adj.（面色）红润的；（文体/装饰）过分华丽的，繁复的 - 同义词：ruddy, rosy, ornate, elaborate - 近义词：high-colored, embellished, baroque - 反义词：pale, wan, plain, austere - 易误用词：florid（面色红润 or 文风浮华）≠ floral（花的/植物花纹的），拼写相近常考
例句： 1. The old gentleman had a florid complexion. —— 小说人物描写 2. His prose is too florid for modern taste. —— 文学批评 3. A florid face may indicate high blood pressure. —— 医学科普 4. The church was decorated in a florid Baroque style. —— 艺术史教材 5. She rolled her eyes at his florid love poetry. —— 当代小说 6. The portrait showed a florid, well-fed merchant. —— 博物馆解说词 7. Avoid florid language in a scientific abstract. —— 论文写作指南 8. His florid manner concealed a sharp intellect. —— 传记 9. The actor delivered the lines in a florid, stagey tone. —— 剧评 10. Some 19th-century architecture is unapologetically florid. —— 《Architectural Digest》
3. garrulous /ˈɡærələs/ - 释义：adj.（老人尤指）喋喋不休的，话多的 - 同义词：talkative, loquacious, chatty - 近义词：verbose, long-winded - 反义词：taciturn, reticent, laconic, mute - 易误用词：garrulous 常含”老年人爱唠叨”色彩；loquacious 较中性书面；talkative 最普通
例句： 1. The garrulous old man held the younger guests captive. —— 短篇小说 2. She was garrulous after two glasses of wine. —— 生活随笔 3. His garrulous nature made him popular at parties. —— 性格描述 4. A garrulous narrator can try the reader’s patience. —— 书评 5. Unlike his usually garrulous self, he fell silent. —— 心理描写 6. The taxi driver was cheerfully garrulous. —— 游记 7. Garrulous patients may obscure key symptoms. —— 临床沟通培训 8. The character is portrayed as a garrulous village elder. —— 戏剧分析 9. Beware the garrulous witness who talks too much. —— 法律小说 10. His letters are warm but impossibly garrulous. —— 书信集导言
4. obviate /ˈɒbviet/ - 释义：v. 排除，消除（困难/需要），使不必要 - 同义词：preclude, prevent, eliminate, make unnecessary - 近义词：forestall, avert, dispense with - 反义词：necessitate, require, cause, precipitate - 易误用词：obviate ≠ 忽视(overlook)；obviate 是”因提前处理而使…不再需要”，专八高频
例句： 1. The new evidence obviates the need for a second trial. —— 法律新闻 2. Improved design obviates many common errors. —— 工程手册 3. A clear contract obviates most disputes. —— 商务写作指南 4. The measure was intended to obviate financial risk. —— 经济评论 5. Proper planning obviates last-minute panic. —— 项目管理培训 6. His confession obviated the necessity of cross-examination. —— 法庭纪实 7. Modern software obviates manual calculation. —— IT 教程 8. Diplomatic efforts aim to obviate armed conflict. —— 国际事务分析 9. Vaccination obviates the worst complications of the disease. —— 公共卫生报告 10. The clause was inserted to obviate ambiguity. —— 法律起草说明
5. sanguine /ˈsæŋɡwɪn/ - 释义：adj. 乐观的，充满自信的（尤指面对困难）；(古) 红润的 - 同义词：optimistic, hopeful, confident, cheerful - 近义词：buoyant, positive - 反义词：pessimistic, despondent, melancholy, cynical - 易误用词：sanguine 在此义不是”血腥”(sanguinary)；专八考查”乐观自信”义，尤 be sanguine about
例句： 1. He remained sanguine despite repeated setbacks. —— 人物传记 2. Investors are sanguine about the market recovery. —— 财经新闻 3. She gave a sanguine assessment of the project’s chances. —— 管理层会议记录 4. A sanguine temperament helps in high-pressure jobs. —— 心理学课本 5. Don’t be too sanguine—there are still risks. —— 顾问提醒 6. The general was sanguine that victory was near. —— 历史叙事 7. His sanguine letter cheered his worried family. —— 战时书信集 8. Critics were less sanguine than the promoters. —— 文化评论 9. The doctor’s sanguine prognosis proved correct. —— 病历档案（教学案例） 10. Medieval physiology linked the sanguine temperament to blood. —— 《The Four Humors》医学史
🔖 本日单词清单（去重用）：assume · concentrate · essential · influence · recognize · adjacent · evoke · paramount · reconcile · subtle · acquiesce · florid · garrulous · obviate · sanguine