📅 2026-07-02 每日必背词汇推送 今日选取 CET-4 ×5 / CET-6 ×5 / TEM-8 ×5，均未出现在历史记录中。

🎓 CET-4 大学英语四级

1. tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ (US /ˈtɑːləreɪt/)

• 释义 v. 容忍，忍受；容许
• 同义词 bear, endure, stand, put up with
• 近义词 accept（接受→进而容忍）, overlook（忽视/放过）
• 反义词 resent, reject, oppose, forbid
• 易误用词 tolerant(adj. 宽容的) — tolerate是动词；intolerable(adj. 无法忍受的) — 注意否定前缀
• 例句
  1. I cannot tolerate people who are constantly late. ——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
  2. The school does not tolerate cheating on exams. ——CET-4 真题阅读模拟句
  3. Some plants can tolerate drought better than others. ——《朗文当代英语词典》
  4. She tolerated his bad temper with remarkable patience. ——英语小说语料（BNC）
  5. We will not tolerate any form of discrimination. ——《柯林斯COBUILD》
  6. Few workers are willing to tolerate such unsafe conditions. ——CET-4 阅读题材改编
  7. He could hardly tolerate the noise from the construction site. ——日常会话范例
  8. Modern browsers tolerate minor errors in HTML code. ——计算机技术文献
  9. Parents should not tolerate violent behavior in children. ——育儿类英文读物
  10. The body gradually becomes less able to tolerate alcohol with age. ——医学科普文章

2. reinforce /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːs/ (US /ˌriːɪnˈfɔːrs/)

• 释义 v. 加强，增援；强化（观点、行为）；加固
• 同义词 strengthen, fortify, underpin
• 近义词 consolidate（巩固）, emphasize（强调→间接强化）
• 反义词 weaken, undermine, diminish
• 易误用词 enforce(v. 强制执行法律/规定) — 二者拼写接近但义不同
• 例句
  1. The army sent troops to reinforce the front line. ——新闻英语（Reuters语料）
  2. Positive feedback reinforces good study habits. ——教育心理学文献
  3. They used steel bars to reinforce the concrete. ——工程英语教材
  4. The findings reinforce the need for stricter safety regulations. ——CET-4 阅读真题风格句
  5. Advertisements reinforce gender stereotypes. ——社会学论文摘录
  6. Her smile reinforced my feeling that I was welcome. ——文学语料（BNC）
  7. Reinforcing the door will improve home security. ——家居安全手册（英文版）
  8. The coach’s words reinforced the team’s confidence before the match. ——体育报道
  9. Laws alone cannot reinforce moral values. ——哲学类英文随笔
  10. Additional examples were given to reinforce the argument. ——学术写作指南（Swales）

3. modify /ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/ (US /ˈmɑːdɪfaɪ/)

• 释义 v. 修改，更改；（语法）修饰；缓和
• 同义词 alter, adjust, change, adapt
• 近义词 revise（修订）, amend（修正条文）
• 反义词 maintain, preserve, retain
• 易误用词 moderate(v. 缓和；主持) / model(v. 建模) — 拼写相近易混
• 例句
  1. You may need to modify your plan according to the new data. ——CET-4 写作范文
  2. In “a red apple,” the adjective modifies the noun. ——《剑桥英语语法》
  3. The software allows users to modify the default settings. ——计算机操作手册
  4. The contract was modified to protect both parties. ——商务英语情景句
  5. Genes can be modified through genetic engineering. ——科普英文读物
  6. Please modify your tone when speaking to clients. ——职场沟通培训材料
  7. The recipe can be modified to reduce sugar content. ——烹饪书（英文版）
  8. Slight changes were made to modify the original design. ——设计说明文档
  9. Adverbs often modify verbs or adjectives. ——英语教学法教材
  10. The policy was modified after widespread public protest. ——新闻英语改写

4. obstacle /ˈɒbstəkl/ (US /ˈɑːbstəkl/)

• 释义 n. 障碍，阻碍；干扰因素
• 同义词 barrier, hindrance, hurdle, impediment
• 近义词 difficulty, blockage
• 反义词 advantage, aid, facilitation, boost
• 易误用词 obstacle(n. 障碍) ≠ objection(n. 反对意见) — 注意词尾区分
• 例句
  1. Lack of funding is the main obstacle to the project. ——CET-4 阅读题材
  2. She overcame every obstacle to become a doctor. ——名人传记（英文版）
  3. The biggest obstacle to communication is assumption. ——沟通学著作
  4. High tariffs are an obstacle to international trade. ——经济学英文文献
  5. Fear of failure should not be an obstacle to trying. ——励志英文演讲
  6. The race included a water obstacle and a wall climb. ——体育赛事描述
  7. Language differences can be an obstacle but also an opportunity. ——跨文化研究论文
  8. Removing legal obstacles increased foreign investment. ——商业新闻报道
  9. Time zone differences are a common obstacle in remote work. ——职场英文文章
  10. Ignorance is often the greatest obstacle to understanding. ——哲学散文

5. temporary /ˈtemprəri/ (US /ˈtempəreri/)

• 释义 adj. 暂时的，临时的；n. 临时工/临时事物
• 同义词 transient, interim, short-term, provisional
• 近义词 brief, fleeting
• 反义词 permanent, lasting, perpetual, enduring
• 易误用词 contemporary(adj. 当代的，同时代的) — 拼写相似但完全不同义
• 例句
  1. The library closure is only temporary during renovations. ——校园通知（英文版）
  2. He took a temporary job while looking for permanent work. ——CET-4 听力题材
  3. The pain relief is temporary and wears off in two hours. ——药品说明书（英文）
  4. Temporary measures were adopted to cope with the crisis. ——政经新闻英语
  5. Don’t make temporary discomfort stop you from pursuing goals. ——励志读物
  6. A temporary bridge was built after the old one collapsed. ——工程新闻报道
  7. Many students experience temporary stress before exams. ——心理学科普
  8. The ban is temporary and subject to review. ——法律公告（英文版）
  9. She works as a temporary at the consultancy firm. ——职场描述句
  10. Love is not a temporary feeling but a sustained choice. ——英文散文/婚礼誓词风格

🏫 CET-6 大学英语六级

1. facilitate /fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/

• 释义 v. 促进，使便利；助长（过程）
• 同义词 promote, ease, assist, aid, smooth the way for
• 近义词 foster（培养/促进）, expedite（加快使便利）
• 反义词 hinder, impede, obstruct, complicate
• 易误用词 facile(adj. 浅易的；轻率的) — 同源但形容事物/态度，非动词；familiar(adj. 熟悉的) — 拼写近似
• 例句
  1. Good communication facilitates teamwork. ——CET-6 写作范文
  2. Technology facilitates access to information worldwide. ——数字素养教材
  3. The new software facilitates data analysis significantly. ——科研论文（方法部分）
  4. Open-ended questions facilitate deeper discussion. ——教育学文献
  5. Lower interest rates facilitate business investment. ——经济学英文报道
  6. Ramps were installed to facilitate wheelchair access. ——公共设施说明牌
  7. A moderator’s role is to facilitate rather than dominate debate. ——会议手册
  8. Early diagnosis facilitates more effective treatment. ——医学科普英文
  9. Cultural exchange facilitates mutual understanding between nations. ——外宣英文材料
  10. The treaty facilitated peaceful resolution of the dispute. ——历史文献表述

2. enhance /ɪnˈhɑːns/ (US /ɪnˈhæns/)

• 释义 v. 提高，增强（质量、价值、声誉等）
• 同义词 improve, boost, heighten, augment, upgrade
• 近义词 enrich（使丰富）, elevate（提升层次）
• 反义词 diminish, reduce, impair, degrade
• 易误用词 enlarge(v. 扩大尺寸/面积) — enhance指质的提升而非物理放大
• 例句
  1. Regular exercise enhances both physical and mental health. ——CET-6 阅读真题风格
  2. The logo was redesigned to enhance brand recognition. ——营销案例英文
  3. Good lighting enhances the atmosphere of a room. ——室内设计杂志（英文版）
  4. Continuing education enhances career prospects. ——职业规划指南
  5. This seasoning will enhance the flavor of the soup. ——烹饪书（英文版）
  6. Digital tools can enhance student engagement in class. ——教育技术研究论文
  7. The museum uses AR technology to enhance visitor experience. ——展览说明
  8. Diplomatic dialogue enhances regional stability. ——国际关系英文评论
  9. Makeup can enhance but not completely change one’s features. ——时尚杂志英文
  10. Transparency enhances public trust in institutions. ——政治学英文文献

3. substantial /səbˈstænʃl/

• 释义 adj. 大量的；实质的；重大的；n.（~s）本质/主要内容
• 同义词 considerable, significant, sizable, material
• 近义词 meaningful（有意义的/可观的）, tangible（可感知的实质的）
• 反义词 trivial, negligible, insignificant, slight
• 易误用词 substantive(adj. 实质性的，有独立内容的，多用于法律/文体) — 注意与substantial”大量的”区分；substance(n. 物质/实质)
• 例句
  1. Substantial evidence supports the new theory. ——CET-6 阅读真题改写
  2. The company made a substantial profit this quarter. ——财经新闻报道
  3. There are substantial differences between the two versions. ——文学比较论文
  4. He inherited a substantial sum from his grandmother. ——小说语料（BNC）
  5. A substantial portion of the budget goes to research. ——大学年度报告（英文版）
  6. No substantial changes were made to the proposal. ——会议纪要（英文）
  7. The report lacks substantial proof of wrongdoing. ——法律新闻改写
  8. Substantial progress has been achieved in climate talks. ——联合国英文公报
  9. They share a substantial interest in classical music. ——人物访谈英文
  10. The building’s structure is substantial and well preserved. ——建筑史英文描述

4. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/

• 释义 adj. 可持续的；可长期维持的；（生态）环保的
• 同义词 renewable, viable (in long term), enduring
• 近义词 eco-friendly, defensible (in argument context)
• 反义词 unsustainable, expendable, short-lived
• 易误用词 sustained(adj. 持续不断的，强调动作延续) — sustainable强调”可长期维持而不枯竭”
• 例句
  1. Sustainable development meets today’s needs without compromising tomorrow’s. ——《Our Common Future》(Brundtland Report)
  2. We must find sustainable sources of energy. ——CET-6 翻译/写作话题句
  3. Is this level of growth economically sustainable? ——经济学英文社论
  4. Sustainable agriculture protects soil and biodiversity. ——环保组织宣传册（英文）
  5. The project is financially sustainable due to diversified funding. ——NGO年度报告
  6. Consumers are increasingly demanding sustainable products. ——市场调研报告
  7. A sustainable lifestyle doesn’t mean giving up comfort. ——绿色生活英文博客
  8. Urban planning should prioritize sustainable transport systems. ——城市规划论文
  9. Their marriage was built on a sustainable foundation of trust. ——关系心理学英文书
  10. Packaging must be both cost-effective and sustainable. ——企业CSR报告（英文版）

5. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/

• 释义 adj. 易受伤害的；脆弱的；（系统）有漏洞的
• 同义词 exposed, susceptible, defenseless, unprotected
• 近义词 fragile（脆弱易碎的）, helpless
• 反义词 resilient, invulnerable, protected, secure
• 易误用词 voluntary(adj. 自愿的) — 拼写相近读音相似，极易混淆
• 例句
  1. Children are among the most vulnerable members of society. ——UNICEF英文报告
  2. The elderly are particularly vulnerable to flu complications. ——公共卫生英文通告
  3. Coastal cities are vulnerable to rising sea levels. ——气候科学论文
  4. His argument is vulnerable to criticism on several points. ——学术写作评语
  5. The system was found to be vulnerable to cyber attacks. ——网络安全白皮书
  6. Emotional abuse can leave a person feeling deeply vulnerable. ——心理学科普
  7. Low-income families are vulnerable during economic downturns. ——社会学研究报告
  8. Never leave vulnerable patients unattended. ——医院护理规程（英文版）
  9. She tried to hide how vulnerable she felt after the breakup. ——文学语料（BNC）
  10. Older buildings are vulnerable unless retrofitted for earthquakes. ——工程防灾手册

📜 TEM-8 英语专业八级

1. elucidate /ɪˈluːsɪdeɪt/

• 释义 v.（正式）阐明，解释，说明（复杂观点/问题）
• 同义词 clarify, explain, expound, interpret
• 近义词 illuminate（启发/阐明，书面）, unpack（详细解析，学术口语）
• 反义词 obscure, confuse, confound, mystify
• 易误用词 elude(v. 躲避；使不解) — elucidate是”解释清楚”，elude可指”（意思）使人困惑不解”，方向完全相反
• 例句
  1. The professor attempted to elucidate the concept of deconstruction. ——文学理论课堂记录
  2. Footnotes are provided to elucidate difficult passages in the text. ——学术版本前言
  3. Further data are needed to elucidate the mechanism involved. ——Nature 期刊论文（方法讨论）
  4. He wrote a monograph to elucidate the poet’s early influences. ——传记录入（英文版）
  5. The lawyer elucidated the clause for the jury. ——法庭小说语料
  6. Graphs help elucidate trends hidden in raw numbers. ——统计学教科书（英文版）
  7. Her lecture succeeded in elucidating a notoriously opaque theory. ——大学课程评价
  8. The article aims to elucidate the link between language and thought. ——语言学论文摘要
  9. Ancient commentaries were meant to elucidate sacred texts. ——宗教研究文献
  10. Can you elucidate your reasoning behind this decision? ——正式商务邮件

2. intransigent /ɪnˈtrænzɪdʒənt/

• 释义 adj.（正式/贬）不妥协的，顽固的（尤指立场、态度）
• 同义词 uncompromising, inflexible, obstinate, adamant
• 近义词 rigid（僵化的）, unbending（不屈不挠/不低头）
• 反义词 flexible, accommodating, conciliatory, amenable
• 易误用词 intransitive(adj./n. 语法——不及物的，如 go, arrive) — 拼写极似，词源不同，考场上易错
• 例句
  1. The intransigent stance of both sides led to a stalemate. ——国际关系英文评论
  2. He was criticized for being intransigent in negotiations. ——商业新闻改写
  3. An intransigent attitude rarely helps resolve disputes. ——冲突调解培训材料
  4. The judge described the defendant’s silence as intransigent defiance. ——法庭报道
  5. Political progress requires moving beyond intransigent ideologies. ——政论英文周刊
  6. Even intransigent opponents eventually came to an agreement. ——历史传记（英文版）
  7. Management accused the union of adopting an intransigent position. ——劳资纠纷报道
  8. Intransigent adherence to outdated rules hampers innovation. ——管理学英文文献
  9. She remained intransigent on matters of principle. ——人物专访（英文版）
  10. Diplomats worked to soften the intransigent party’s demands. ——UN英文简报

3. ubiquitous /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/

• 释义 adj.（正式）无处不在的，普遍存在的
• 同义词 omnipresent, pervasive, widespread, prevalent
• 近义词 ever-present, common-place（作定语时近义）
• 反义词 rare, scarce, uncommon, localized
• 易误用词 ubiquitous ≠ ambiguous(模棱两可的) — 二者均为高阶形容词，拼写或记忆易串；注意词根 ubique=everywhere
• 例句
  1. Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society. ——CET-6/TEM-8 写作话题句
  2. The logo seemed ubiquitous — on bags, billboards, even pens. ——品牌案例研究（英文）
  3. Ubiquitous surveillance raises privacy concerns. ——科技伦理论文
  4. Coffee shops are ubiquitous in the city center. ——旅游指南（英文版）
  5. The phrase has grown ubiquitous in corporate jargon. ——语言变迁研究论文
  6. Plastic waste is now ubiquitous in marine ecosystems. ——海洋生物学报告
  7. His influence was ubiquitous though he held no formal title. ——历史人物评传（英文）
  8. Fast food outlets are ubiquitous along the highway. ——社会学田野笔记
  9. The motif of the cross is ubiquitous in medieval art. ——艺术史英文教材
  10. We tend to ignore things that are ubiquitously present. ——认知心理学英文读物

4. disparage /dɪˈspærɪdʒ/

• 释义 v.（正式）贬低，轻视；诋毁（人/观点/作品）
• 同义词 belittle, denigrate, depreciate, undervalue
• 近义词 mock（嘲弄→含贬低义）, slight（怠慢/小看）
• 反义词 praise, commend, extol, laud, valorize
• 易误用词 disparate(adj. 完全不同的，异类的) — disparage是动词”贬低”，disparate是形容词”迥异的”，同源但不同词性和义
• 例句
  1. It is unfair to disparage her achievements without knowing the facts. ——议论文范文
  2. The critic disparaged the novel as “derivative and shallow.” ——文学评论（NYRB风格）
  3. Do not disparage others to make yourself feel superior. ——励志/心理自助书（英文版）
  4. He disparaged his rival’s proposal during the debate. ——议会质询记录改写
  5. Ancient texts sometimes disparage commerce as a low pursuit. ——经济思想史教材
  6. Social media makes it easy to disparage strangers anonymously. ——传媒研究论文
  7. She disliked being disparaged for choosing a non-academic career. ——人物访谈（英文）
  8. The law prohibits disparaging ethnic groups. ——多元文化政策文件（英文版）
  9. Historians no longer disparage oral tradition as unreliable. ——人类学论文
  10. To disparage what you once loved is a common defense mechanism. ——心理分析英文文献

5. explicate /ˈeksplɪkeɪt/

• 释义 v.（正式/学术）详细解释，分析阐述（文本、理论、论点）
• 同义词 explain in detail, expound, interpret, analyze
• 近义词 elucidate（阐明，较通用）, unpack（拆析，教研用语）
• 反义词 obfuscate（故意使晦涩）, gloss over（一带而过），simplify（过度简化略去细节）
• 易误用词 implicit(adj. 隐含的) / explicit(adj. 明确的) — explicate动词来自拉丁 explicare=unfold，与explicit同源但词性不同；勿与explain普通义完全等同——explicate偏重文本/理论细读
• 例句
  1. The essay undertakes to explicate Hegel’s dialectic method. ——哲学论文导言
  2. Good teachers explicate difficult poems line by line. ——文学教学法教材
  3. The author fails to explicate the assumptions underlying his argument. ——同行评审意见（改写）
  4. We will explicate the statute’s key provisions in Chapter Three. ——法学教科书（英文版）
  5. Critics explicated the film’s religious symbolism extensively. ——影评（Sight & Sound风格）
  6. A footnote was added to explicate the archaic term. ——古籍校注说明
  7. The purpose of close reading is to explicate latent meanings. ——英语专业阅读课讲义
  8. Her thesis explicates connections between gender and narrative voice. ——博士论文摘要
  9. The manual does not explicate error-handling procedures clearly enough. ——软件文档反馈
  10. Ancient commentators sought to explicate Aristotle’s obscure passages. ——古典学研究文献

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