📅 2026-07-03 英语必背单词打卡 > CET-4 × 5 ｜ CET-6 × 5 ｜ TEM-8 × 5（均与历史记录去重）

🎓 CET-4 大学英语四级

1. assume /əˈsjuːm/ (US /əˈsuːm/)

• 释义：v. 假定，设想；承担（责任/职位）；呈现（特征/外观）
• 同义词：suppose, presume, take on, undertake
• 近义词：believe, infer, adopt（承担义）
• 反义词：prove, doubt, deny, reject
• 易误用词：presume（presume 偏”有依据地推定”，assume 偏”无充分依据的假设”）；consume（消费，形近）
• 例句：
  1. Don’t assume he’ll agree — ask him first. ——《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》例句
  2. We assumed that the meeting would start at nine. —— CET-4 真题阅读改写
  3. She assumed the role of team leader in his absence. ——《柯林夫用例》
  4. The look of surprise on her face was assumed, not real. ——《朗文当代英语词典》
  5. It is dangerous to assume that technology will solve all problems. —— CET-4 写作范文
  6. He calmly assumed control of the situation. ——《柯林斯COBUILD》
  7. Scientists assume a link between diet and health. —— CET-4 科普类阅读
  8. You shouldn’t assume the worst just yet. —— 日常口语语料
  9. The theory assumes that people act rationally. —— 学术论文例句
  10. I assumed you’d already heard the news. —— 日常对话

2. reveal /rɪˈviːl/

• 释义：v. 揭露，透露；使显露 n.（常复数）揭露之事
• 同义词：disclose, expose, uncover, make known
• 近义词：show, divulge, leak
• 反义词：conceal, hide, cover up, mask
• 易误用词：expose（常含”曝光、使暴露于危险/公众目光”义，reveal 侧重”揭示隐藏事实”）；revile（辱骂，形近异义）
• 例句：
  1. The report reveals serious flaws in the system. —— CET-4 阅读真题
  2. He revealed his true identity at the end of the story. —— 文学选段
  3. X-rays can reveal broken bones. ——《牛津高阶》
  4. The survey revealed that 60% of students study part-time. —— CET-4 统计类阅读
  5. She was reluctant to reveal her age. ——《朗文当代》
  6. New evidence has revealed the suspect’s whereabouts. —— 新闻英语
  7. The curtains opened to reveal a magnificent stage. —— 剧场描写
  8. DNA testing revealed a previously unknown relationship. —— 科普杂志
  9. Don’t reveal confidential information to outsiders. —— 商务英语
  10. The study reveals a growing gap between rich and poor. —— CET-4 社科阅读

3. impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/

• 释义：v. 强制实行，征收（税/罚款）；把（意见等）强加于
• 同义词：enforce, levy, inflict, foist
• 近义词：apply, demand, thrust upon
• 反义词：lift（撤销），relax, waive（放弃执行）
• 易误用词：compose（组成/作曲，形近）；expose（暴露）；impose on/upon 是固定搭配”强加于”
• 例句：
  1. The government imposed a new tax on luxury goods. —— CET-4 新闻类阅读
  2. Don’t try to impose your views on others. ——《牛津高阶》
  3. A curfew was imposed after the riots. —— 时事新闻
  4. The bank imposed a penalty for late payment. —— 银行条款
  5. Some countries impose strict import restrictions. —— CET-4 经济类阅读
  6. He felt imposed upon when asked to work overtime again. ——《朗文当代》
  7. The treaty imposes limits on nuclear weapons. —— 政治文献
  8. Fines were imposed on companies violating safety regulations. —— CET-4 法律类阅读
  9. It is unfair to impose such a heavy burden on one person. —— 议论文
  10. The court has the power to impose a prison sentence. —— 法律英语

4. survive /səˈvaɪv/

• 释义：v. 幸存，活下来；比……活得久；幸免于（灾难）
• 同义词：live through, endure, pull through, outlive
• 近义词：persist, remain alive
• 反义词：die, perish, succumb（死于）
• 易误用词：revive（复活/恢复生机，revive=重新活跃，survive=经历后仍然活着）；surrender（投降，形近音近混淆）
• 例句：
  1. Few houses survived the earthquake intact. —— CET-4 灾害类阅读
  2. She survived thanks to the quick response of rescuers. —— 新闻报道
  3. Only two crew members survived the crash. ——《柯林斯COBUILD》
  4. Plants that survive in deserts have special adaptations. —— 科普阅读
  5. He survived his wife by ten years. ——《牛津高阶》
  6. The company managed to survive the financial crisis. —— CET-4 商业阅读
  7. To survive in the wild, you need basic survival skills. —— 户外手册
  8. I don’t know how I survived that final exam! —— 口语夸张用法
  9. Ancient traditions still survive in remote villages. —— CET-4 文化类阅读
  10. The patient is unlikely to survive without immediate surgery. —— 医学语境

5. neglect /nɪˈɡlekt/

• 释义：v. 忽视，疏忽；漏做（某事）n. 忽略，疏于照管
• 同义词：ignore, overlook, disregard, fail to do
• 近义词：omit, slight, pay no attention to
• 反义词：attend to, cherish, nurture, value
• 易误用词：neglect vs. ignore（ignore=故意不去理会，neglect=因粗心/忘记而未给予注意，也可故意但侧重”未尽责任”）；reflect（反映/思考，形近易混）
• 例句：
  1. The building had fallen into disrepair through years of neglect. —— CET-4 阅读
  2. Don’t neglect your health while studying for exams. —— 劝导语
  3. He was accused of neglecting his elderly parents. ——《朗文当代》
  4. The report criticized the neglect of safety procedures. —— CET-4 职场安全阅读
  5. Small details are often neglected in a hurry. —— 写作范文
  6. She neglected to lock the door when she left. ——《牛津高阶》
  7. Children who suffer neglect may have developmental issues. —— 社科类阅读
  8. The gardener neglected to water the plants and they died. —— 日常叙述
  9. Historically, women’s contributions were long neglected. —— CET-4 历史类阅读
  10. Neglecting regular maintenance can lead to costly repairs. —— 说明文

🏫 CET-6 大学英语六级

1. derive /dɪˈraɪv/

• 释义：v. 得到，推导出（from）；起源于，源自（from）
• 同义词：obtain, get, stem, originate, descend
• 近义词：acquire, trace back, flow from
• 反义词：lose, forfeit；lose connection（非直接反义，注意搭配）
• 易误用词：deprive（deprive sb of sth =剥夺，derive from =来源于/从…得出）；arrive（到达，拼写近似de-开头易混）
• 例句：
  1. The word “chemistry” is derived from “alchemy.” —— CET-6 词源阅读
  2. Many medicines are derived from tropical plants. —— 科普类阅读
  3. She derives great pleasure from playing the violin. ——《牛津高阶》
  4. The theory is derived from years of field observation. —— CET-6 学术阅读
  5. Can we derive any conclusions from this data? —— 统计报告
  6. His authority derives from the constitution, not personal power. —— 政论文章
  7. The custom derives from an ancient fertility ritual. —— CET-6 文化类阅读
  8. Investors derive income from dividends and capital gains. —— 财经英语
  9. Do not derive meaning from a single out-of-context sentence. —— 语言学教材
  10. Happiness, he argued, is derived from within, not from possessions. —— 哲学散文

2. hamper /ˈhæmpə(r)/

• 释义：v. 妨碍，阻碍（尤指通过制造困难）n.（有盖）大篮子
• 同义词：hinder, impede, obstruct, restrain
• 近义词：hold back, slow down, thwart
• 反义词：facilitate, aid, expedite, promote
• 易误用词：hinder（hinder 较通用，hamper 强调被外部条件缠住、束缚感更强）；hammer（锤子/敲打，形近）；hamper ≠ hamster（仓鼠😄）
• 例句：
  1. Bad weather hampered the rescue efforts. —— CET-6 新闻阅读
  2. Lack of funding continues to hamper scientific research. —— CET-6 学术阅读
  3. Heavy bags hampered his progress up the mountain. —— 记叙文
  4. Strict regulations can hamper innovation if poorly designed. —— CET-6 议论文
  5. The negotiations were hampered by mutual distrust. ——《朗文当代》
  6. Language barriers often hamper cross-border cooperation. —— 商务英语
  7. Old equipment hampered the factory’s output. —— CET-6 经济类阅读
  8. Don’t let fear hamper your pursuit of dreams. —— 励志演讲
  9. Fog hampered visibility throughout the morning. —— 气象报道
  10. Social stigma can hamper patients from seeking treatment. —— 医学社科阅读

3. notorious /nəʊˈtɔːriəs/

• 释义：adj. 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的（因坏事出名）
• 同义词：infamous, disreputable, ill-famed
• 近义词：scandalous, dishonourable
• 反义词：renowned, prestigious, admirable, esteemed
• 易误用词：famous/famed（中性或褒义）；notorious 特指因坏事而出名，不可用于褒义；note worthy（值得注意的，勿混淆）
• 例句：
  1. The city is notorious for its rush-hour traffic jams. —— CET-6 城市类阅读
  2. He was a notorious gambler in his youth. —— 文学作品
  3. The company became notorious after the scandal broke. —— 商业新闻
  4. That prison is notorious for harsh conditions. —— CET-6 社会类阅读
  5. Beware of notoriously difficult grammar points in this chapter. —— 教学提示（幽默用法）
  6. The region is notorious for corrupt officials. —— 时事报道
  7. Some hackers are notorious rather than skilled. —— 科技专栏
  8. It was a notoriously bad decision that cost millions. —— 历史评述
  9. The film depicts a notoriously cruel dictator. —— 影评
  10. Notorious cases of fraud have shaken public trust. —— CET-6 法律阅读

4. simultaneous /ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəs/ (US also /ˌsaɪmlˈteɪ-/)

• 释义：adj. 同时发生的，同步的
• 同义词：concurrent, coincident, synchronous
• 近义词：at the same time, parallel
• 反义词：sequential, successive, staggered
• 易误用词：spontaneous（自发的，拼写部分相似易混）；simultaneous 强调时间上严格同步
• 例句：
  1. The explosions occurred at simultaneous intervals across the city. —— CET-6 新闻阅读
  2. Simultaneous translation is provided in three languages. —— 会议说明
  3. The study measured simultaneous brain activity in both hemispheres. —— 科研论文
  4. They made a simultaneous appeal to both governments. —— 外交报道
  5. Don’t try to do simultaneous tasks if accuracy matters. —— 时间管理建议
  6. The dancers moved in simultaneous rhythm. —— 艺术描写
  7. Simultaneous submission to multiple journals is unethical. —— 学术规范
  8. A simultaneous drop in temperature and pressure was recorded. —— 科学报告
  9. The game allows simultaneous play by four users. —— 产品说明书
  10. Historians debate whether the events were truly simultaneous. —— CET-6 历史阅读

5. testify /ˈtestɪfaɪ/

• 释义：v. 作证，证明；（to）表明，见证
• 同义词：give evidence, attest, bear witness, confirm
• 近义词：affirm, swear, indicate, demonstrate
• 反义词：deny, refute, contradict, withhold testimony
• 易误用词：certify（正式”出具证明/认证”，testify 侧重法庭或郑重声明事实）；testament（n. 证据/遗嘱，词根相关勿混用）
• 例句：
  1. The witness agreed to testify in court. —— CET-6 法律类阅读
  2. His success testifies to the effectiveness of the method. —— CET-6 写作范文
  3. Several experts testified before the congressional committee. —— 时事新闻
  4. I can testify that she worked here for five years. ——《牛津高阶》
  5. Ancient ruins testify to the glory of the civilization. —— CET-6 考古类阅读
  6. He refused to testify against his colleague. —— 法律报道
  7. Statistics testify to a steady decline in crime rates. —— CET-6 社科阅读
  8. Survivors testified to the horror of the disaster. —— 纪实文学
  9. Her actions testify to her deep commitment to the cause. —— 人物特写
  10. Under oath, he testified that he had seen nothing unusual. —— 法庭剧台词

🎓 TEM-8 英语专业八级

1. ameliorate /əˈmiːliəreɪt/

• 释义：v.（正式）改善，减轻（痛苦/恶劣状况）= make better
• 同义词：improve, alleviate, mitigate, better
• 近义词：soften, ease, upgrade
• 反义词：aggravate, exacerbate, worsen, deteriorate
• 易误用词：ameliorate vs. alleviate（alleviate 多接 pain/suffering/burden，ameliorate 更正式，可接 condition/situation/evil）；amalgamate（合并，形近）
• 例句：
  1. New policies were introduced to ameliorate the living conditions of migrants. —— TEM-8 社会评论
  2. Medication can ameliorate but not cure the symptoms. —— 医学文献
  3. Education is one means to ameliorate social inequality. —— 社会学论文
  4. The treaty aimed to ameliorate relations between the two nations. —— 外交史
  5. No measure was taken to ameliorate the workers’ grievances. —— 劳工史
  6. Technological advances have ameliorated communication barriers. —— 科技评论
  7. Charities work to ameliorate poverty in rural areas. —— 公益报道
  8. Time alone does not necessarily ameliorate deep psychological trauma. —— 心理学专著
  9. The reform did little to ameliorate the underlying structural problems. —— TEM-8 政论阅读
  10. Fresh air and rest will ameliorate your headache. —— 医嘱（书面语体）

2. censure /ˈsenʃə(r)/

• 释义：v./n.（正式）指责，谴责，（机构）通过谴责决议
• 同义词：criticize, condemn, rebuke, reprimand, blame
• 近义词：reproach, disapprove (strongly)
• 反义词：praise, commend, endorse, acclaim, approve
• 易误用词：censor（v. 审查/删剪，censure =谴责，拼写仅差一字母！高频混淆点）；census（人口普查，形近）
• 例句：
  1. The committee voted to censure the senator for ethical violations. —— TEM-8 政经类阅读
  2. His reckless remarks drew sharp censure from the press. —— 新闻评论
  3. History has censured those who remained silent in the face of injustice. —— 历史论述
  4. The report was a formal censure of corporate malpractice. —— 商业伦理
  5. Unlike censure, constructive criticism aims to improve conduct. —— 学术写作
  6. The bishop issued a rare public censure of the policy. —— 宗教史
  7. Diplomats fear that open censure may derail the negotiations. —— 国际关系
  8. The professor gently censured the student’s plagiarism. —— 校园叙事
  9. Censure without evidence is itself morally questionable. —— 哲学随笔
  10. The athlete accepted the censure and issued a public apology. —— 体育新闻

3. ephemeral /ɪˈfemərəl/

• 释义：adj.（文学/正式）短暂的，瞬息的，朝生暮死的
• 同义词：transient, fleeting, short-lived, momentary, temporary
• 近义词：passing, evanescent, brief
• 反义词：enduring, permanent, eternal, lasting, perpetual
• 易误用词：ephemeral vs. temporary（temporary 强调”非永久、暂代”，ephemeral 强调”稍纵即逝、存在极短”，带文学色彩）；elementary（基础的，形近）
• 例句：
  1. Fashion is among the most ephemeral of cultural phenomena. —— TEM-8 文化评论
  2. The beauty of cherry blossoms lies in their ephemeral nature. —— 日本文学译作
  3. Fame in the digital age can be dazzling yet ephemeral. —— 媒体研究
  4. Ephemeral art forms like sand mandalas are created to be destroyed. —— 艺术史
  5. Do not base life decisions on ephemeral pleasures alone. —— 哲学散文
  6. The poet captured an ephemeral moment of sunlight through leaves. —— 诗评
  7. Stock market rallies can be ephemeral without solid fundamentals. —— 财经评论
  8. Ancient thinkers pondered the ephemeral quality of human life. —— 古典文学
  9. Ephemeral messaging apps have changed how teens communicate. —— 科技报道
  10. Historians distinguish between enduring institutions and ephemeral trends. —— TEM-8 史学方法论

4. ostensible /ɒˈstensəbl/

• 释义：adj. 表面上的，假托的（与真实意图相对）；显然的（古义）
• 同义词：apparent, outward, professed, purported
• 近义词：surface, avowed (but possibly false)
• 反义词：actual, real, genuine, hidden, ulterior
• 易误用词：ostentatious（爱炫耀的，ostensible =表面声称的，ostentatious =炫耀卖弄的，两词同源但义不同！）；ostensible purpose vs. real motive 是典型搭配
• 例句：
  1. The ostensible reason for the visit was diplomatic, but trade talks were the true aim. —— TEM-8 国际关系阅读
  2. He resigned for ostensibly health-related reasons. —— 传记
  3. The ostensible owner was merely a front for the real investor. —— 商业调查报道
  4. Never accept the ostensible explanation without scrutiny. —— 批判性思维教材
  5. The ostensible neutrality of the report was called into question. —— 学术评论
  6. They met under the ostensible guise of a charity luncheon. —— 小说叙事
  7. Ostensible compliance with the law does not guarantee ethical conduct. —— 法学论文
  8. The ostensible cause of the riot was a sporting event. —— 社会史
  9. Detectives probed behind the ostensible motives of the suspects. —— 犯罪小说
  10. Politicians often cloak unpopular measures in ostensible concern for the public. —— TEM-8 政论阅读

5. quandary /ˈkwɒndəri/ (US /ˈkwɑːn-/)

• 释义：n. 困境，进退两难（尤指不知如何选择）
• 同义词：dilemma, predicament, impasse, fix
• 近义词：state of uncertainty, puzzle, bind
• 反义词：certainty, clarity, resolution, confidence
• 易误用词：quandary vs. dilemma（dilemma 经典”二者选一均难”，quandary 侧重”不知怎么办/迷惑无措的状态”）；query（疑问/询问，形近音近）
• 例句：
  1. I was in a quandary over whether to accept the offer or stay put. —— TEM-8 阅读理解
  2. The jury found itself in a moral quandary. —— 法律伦理案例
  3. Faced with conflicting advice, she was thrown into a quandary. —— 小说叙事
  4. Ethical quandaries are common in medical practice. —— 医学伦理
  5. The company’s sudden policy change left employees in a quandary. —— 商业英语
  6. Philosophers have long discussed the quandaries of free will. —— 哲学导论
  7. Being caught between loyalty and honesty puts one in a painful quandary. —— 人物描写
  8. The diplomat’s quandary was how to protest without rupturing ties. —— 外交史
  9. Students often face a quandary when choosing between passion and practicality. —— 升学指导
  10. Historical actors, too, were frequently trapped in political quandaries. —— TEM-8 史学论述

✅ 今日15词均已与历史发送记录去重，明天继续为你推送新一批！ 需要我把其中某词做成背诵卡片/Anki格式或只出填空测验也可以说一声～