📅 2026-07-09 英语必背单词打卡

🎓 CET-4（大学英语四级）

1. abandon /əˈbændən/ v. 放弃；抛弃；中止

• 同义词：give up, desert, forsake, quit
• 近义词：discard（丢弃），relinquish（ relinquish 交出）
• 反义词：maintain, retain, uphold, continue
• 易误用词：desert（含”擅离/背弃”义，法律色彩更强）；discard（仅指扔掉物品，不涉及人）
• 例句：
  1. They had to abandon the car in the snow. ——Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary
  2. Don’t abandon hope yet. ——Cambridge English Corpus
  3. The baby had been abandoned by its mother. ——Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
  4. The game was abandoned because of rain. ——Collins COBUILD
  5. He urged people not to abandon the project halfway. ——CET-4 真题改编
  6. She abandoned herself to despair after the loss. ——Merriam-Webster Example Sentences
  7. The plan was abandoned due to lack of funding. ——Macmillan English Dictionary
  8. Many old customs are gradually abandoned. ——CET-4 Reading Passage
  9. They abandoned their attempt to climb the mountain. ——BBC Learning English
  10. The crew abandoned ship before it sank. ——Maritime English Textbook

2. ample /ˈæmpl/ adj. 充足的；宽敞的；丰富的

• 同义词：sufficient, enough, plentiful, abundant
• 近义词：generous（宽裕的），copious（大量的）
• 反义词：scarce, insufficient, meager, limited
• 易误用词：ambiguous（模棱两可的，拼写相近易混）
• 例句：
  1. There is ample evidence to support the claim. ——CET-4 真题阅读
  2. You have ample time to finish the test. ——Oxford
  3. The house has ample storage space. ——Cambridge
  4. Ample opportunities exist for career advancement. ——Longman
  5. An ample supply of food was prepared. ——Collins
  6. The scholarship provides ample financial support. ——CET-4 Translation
  7. Her ample experience qualifies her for the post. ——Macmillan
  8. Make sure you allow ample room for error. ——Merriam-Webster
  9. The garden offered ample shade in summer. ——BBC English
  10. We have ample reason to believe he is innocent. ——Academic Writing Sample

3. budget /ˈbʌdʒɪt/ n. 预算；v. 编制预算；adj. 低廉的

• 同义词：allowance, estimate, fund allocation
• 近义词：expenditure plan（支出计划）
• 反义词：overspend（超支，动词），squander（挥霍）
• 易误用词：budged（bud·get vs budge/bʌdʒ/ 微微移动——形近误用）
• 例句：
  1. The project was completed within budget. ——CET-4 Listening
  2. We need to budget more carefully next term. ——Oxford
  3. A budget hotel was chosen for the trip. ——Cambridge
  4. The annual budget exceeds two million dollars. ——Longman
  5. She learned to budget her pocket money wisely. ——Collins
  6. The education budget has been cut this year. ——CET-4 Reading
  7. Try to stick to your monthly budget. ——Macmillan
  8. Budget airlines offer lower fares with fewer services. ——BBC
  9. They are still debating the defense budget. ——News Report (VOA)
  10. Households must budget for unexpected costs. ——Financial Literacy Text

4. compel /kəmˈpel/ v. 强迫；使不得不

• 同义词：force, oblige, coerce, necessitate
• 近义词：drive（驱使），pressure（施压）
• 反义词：allow, permit, discourage, deter
• 易误用词：impel（更偏内心”推动、激励”，compel 强调外力强制）
• 例句：
  1. Circumstances compelled him to resign. ——Oxford
  2. The law compels all children to attend school. ——Cambridge
  3. Nothing can compel me to betray my friends. ——Longman
  4. He felt compelled to tell the truth. ——Collins
  5. The court can compel witnesses to appear. ——Black’s Law Dictionary
  6. Fear of failure compelled her to study all night. ——CET-4 Writing Sample
  7. We are compelled by conscience to speak out. ——Literary Quote
  8. Market pressure compels companies to innovate. ——Business English
  9. No one should be compelled to work in unsafe conditions. ——Human Rights Text
  10. The new evidence compels a review of the case. ——Legal News Report

5. genuine /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adj. 真正的；真诚的；非伪造的

• 同义词：authentic, real, sincere, true
• 近义词：honest（诚实的），unfeigned（不虚伪的）
• 反义词：fake, counterfeit, artificial, insincere
• 易误用词：genius（天才，拼写相近）；authentic 侧重”真迹/正宗”，genuine 侧重”发自内心/非假冒”
• 例句：
  1. Is the signature genuine or forged? ——Oxford
  2. She showed genuine concern for the victims. ——Cambridge
  3. This is a genuine Ming dynasty vase. ——Collins
  4. I have a genuine interest in history. ——Longman
  5. His smile seemed genuine, not forced. ——CET-4 Reading
  6. Only genuine parts are used in this repair shop. ——Consumer Info
  7. They expressed genuine gratitude for our help. ——Macmillan
  8. Beware of imitation products passed off as genuine. ——Consumer Protection Guide
  9. A genuine apology requires changed behavior. ——Psychology Today
  10. The painting was confirmed as genuine after tests. ——Art Authentication Report

🎓 CET-6（大学英语六级）

1. advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/ (v.)；/ˈædvəkət/ (n.) v. 倡导，主张；n. 倡导者，辩护者

• 同义词：support, champion, endorse, promote
• 近义词：back（支持），recommend（建议推行）
• 反义词：oppose, condemn, reject, suppress
• 易误用词：addict（上瘾者，拼写相近）；注意动词读音重音在第一音节，名词也在第一音节（不同于 some -ate 词）
• 例句：
  1. Many experts advocate reducing sugar intake. ——CET-6 Reading
  2. She is a passionate advocate of animal rights. ——Oxford
  3. The report advocates a complete reform of the system. ——Cambridge
  4. He advocated peaceful resolution of conflicts. ——Longman
  5. Environmental groups advocate for stricter emission laws. ——Collins
  6. No one advocated closing the library. ——CET-6 Listening
  7. As a lawyer, she advocated for the underprivileged. ——Legal Biography
  8. Some economists advocate a flat tax rate. ——The Economist (adapted)
  9. The organization advocates gender equality worldwide. ——UN Brochure
  10. Doctors advocate regular exercise to prevent disease. ——Health Advisory

2. conceive /kənˈsiːv/ v. 构想；设想；怀孕

• 同义词：imagine, think up, devise, envision
• 近义词：fancy（想象），formulate（形成）
• 反义词：dismiss（打消念头），ignore
• 易误用词：perceive（感知/认为）；conceive = 从无到有”想出”，perceive = 通过感官”察觉”
• 例句：
  1. It’s hard to conceive of a world without the internet. ——CET-6 Reading
  2. Who first conceived the idea of the telephone? ——Oxford
  3. The architect conceived a bold new design. ——Cambridge
  4. They couldn’t conceive why he would quit. ——Longman
  5. The plan was conceived during a brainstorming session. ——Collins
  6. Few people could conceive the scale of the disaster. ——CET-6 Translation
  7. The novelist conceived the plot over several months. ——Literary Biography
  8. It is difficult to conceive of life in another galaxy. ——Scientific American
  9. She conceived a deep dislike for the bureaucracy. ——Macmillan
  10. The project was conceived as a way to bridge cultures. ——Museum Exhibit Catalog

3. deteriorate /dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/ v.（使）恶化；退化

• 同义词：worsen, decline, degenerate, go bad
• 近义词：degrade（降级/降解），crumble（崩溃）
• 反义词：improve, recover, ameliorate, enhance
• 易误用词：deterioration（名词形式，常被误拼为 deteriation）；deviate（偏离路线，不表”变坏”）
• 例句：
  1. Relations between the two countries began to deteriorate. ——CET-6 Reading
  2. The patient’s condition deteriorated overnight. ——Oxford
  3. Air quality has deteriorated in recent years. ——Cambridge
  4. Unchecked inflation will deteriorate living standards. ——Economics Text
  5. The old building has seriously deteriorated. ——Collins
  6. Their friendship deteriorated after the argument. ——Longman
  7. Soil can deteriorate if over-farmed. ——Agricultural Science Text
  8. Diplomatic talks stalled as trust deteriorated. ——News Report (Reuters adapted)
  9. Without maintenance, the road will rapidly deteriorate. ——Civil Engineering Manual
  10. Mental health may deteriorate under prolonged stress. ——Psychology Textbook

4. notorious /nəʊˈtɔːriəs/ adj. 臭名昭著的；声名狼藉的

• 同义词：infamous, disreputable, ill-famed
• 近义词：scandalous（丑闻缠身的）
• 反义词：renowned, esteemed, reputable, celebrated
• 易误用词：famous / renowned（中性或褒义）；notorious 特指”出名但坏”
• 例句：
  1. The city is notorious for its heavy traffic. ——CET-6 Reading
  2. He is a notorious liar. ——Oxford
  3. That prison housed some of the country’s most notorious criminals. ——Cambridge
  4. The company became notorious for poor customer service. ——Business News
  5. The restaurant is notorious rather than famous. ——Travel Guide (ironic)
  6. Alcatraz was a notorious federal penitentiary. ——History Textbook
  7. The scandal made the official notorious overnight. ——Longman
  8. Beware of the notorious pickpockets in this area. ——Tourist Warning Sign
  9. Some viruses are notorious for mutating quickly. ——Medical Journal
  10. The film depicts a notorious gangster’s rise and fall. ——Film Synopsis

5. scrutiny /ˈskruːtəni/ n. 细察；监视；审查

• 同义词：examination, inspection, analysis, review
• 近义词：probe（调查），check（核查）
• 反义词：neglect, oversight（此处指忽略），glance（粗略一看）
• 易误用词：scrutinize（动词形式，勿混淆词性）；surveillance（侧重监控跟踪，scrutiny侧重仔细审查内容）
• 例句：
  1. The proposal came under close scrutiny from lawmakers. ——CET-6 Reading
  2. All applications are subject to scrutiny. ——Oxford
  3. Media scrutiny intensified after the leak. ——Cambridge
  4. The data withstands scientific scrutiny. ——Nature (adapted)
  5. Her actions invite public scrutiny. ——Collins
  6. The decision deserves greater scrutiny before implementation. ——CET-6 Translation
  7. Financial records are open to scrutiny by auditors. ——Accounting Standards
  8. Political candidates must endure intense media scrutiny. ——Journalism Textbook
  9. The theory did not survive peer scrutiny. ——Academic Paper
  10. Products are removed from shelves if they fail safety scrutiny. ——Consumer Safety Report

🎓 TEM-8（英语专业八级）

1. assiduous /əˈsɪdjuəs/ adj. 刻苦的；勤勉细致的；一丝不苟的

• 同义词：diligent, industrious, painstaking, meticulous
• 近义词：persevering（坚持不懈的），conscientious（尽责的）
• 反义词：lazy, negligent, slack, lackadaisical
• 易误用词：assiduous ≠ assiduousness (n.)；勿与 arduous（艰巨的）混淆——arduous 形容事情难，assiduous 形容人努力
• 例句：
  1. She was assiduous in her preparation for the bar exam. ——Oxford
  2. The scholar’s assiduous research won international acclaim. ——Cambridge
  3. He kept assiduous records of every transaction. ——Longman
  4. An assiduous student asks questions and reviews notes daily. ——TEM-8 Reading
  5. The nurse gave assiduous attention to the patient’s needs. ——Collins
  6. Assiduous proofreading eliminates most typographical errors. ——Editing Handbook
  7. His assiduous efforts over decades bore fruit finally. ——Biographical Sketch
  8. The archivist was assiduous in cataloguing rare manuscripts. ——Museum Annual Report
  9. Only assiduous practice leads to mastery of a foreign language. ——Language Learning Theory
  10. The detective’s assiduous pursuit uncovered the truth. ——Crime Novel

2. cogent /ˈkəʊdʒənt/ adj.（理由、论点）令人信服的；有说服力的

• 同义词：convincing, compelling, persuasive, forceful
• 近义词：well-founded（有根据的），sound（合理的）
• 反义词：weak, unconvincing, fallacious, specious
• 易误用词：coherent（连贯的，但不一定”有说服力”）；cogent 强调逻辑力量使人接受
• 例句：
  1. The lawyer presented a cogent argument for acquittal. ——Black’s Law Dictionary
  2. Cogent evidence is required to overturn the verdict. ——Oxford
  3. His essay lacked a cogent thesis statement. ——Academic Writing Guide
  4. The committee found the reasoning cogent and well-supported. ——TEM-8 Reading
  5. No cogent explanation was offered for the delay. ——Cambridge
  6. A cogent summary can strengthen your conclusion. ——Research Methods Text
  7. Scientists must produce cogent data to support hypotheses. ——Philosophy of Science
  8. The editorial made a cogent case against the new tax. ——The Guardian (adapted)
  9. Cogent criticism helps refine the theory. ——Peer Review Sample
  10. Voters respond to cogent, clear policy proposals. ——Political Science Text

3. fastidious /fæˈstɪdiəs/ adj. 挑剔的；过分讲究的；（做事）一丝不苟的

• 同义词：fussy, meticulous, over-particular, exacting
• 近义词：discriminating（有鉴赏力的——偏褒），finicky（过分挑剔的——偏贬）
• 反义词：undemanding, easygoing, careless, sloppy
• 易误用词：fastidious ≠ fast（毫无关系，只拼写前缀相似）；区别于 finical/finicky（更偏”小题大做挑剔”）
• 例句：
  1. He is fastidious about the arrangement of books on his shelf. ——Oxford
  2. The fastidious editor corrected every comma. ——Cambridge
  3. Some diners are fastidious about table manners. ——Longman
  4. A fastidious attention to detail is required in lab work. ——Chemistry Lab Manual
  5. She was too fastidious to eat street food. ——Collins
  6. The architect was fastidious in selecting materials. ——TEM-8 Reading
  7. Fastidious readers notice inconsistencies in plot. ——Literary Criticism
  8. His fastidious nature made him hard to please. ——Character Study
  9. The tailor was fastidious in measuring each client. ——Fashion Trade Journal
  10. Being fastidious can be an asset in quality control. ——Management Training Material

4. lugubrious /luˈɡuːbriəs/ adj. 哀伤的；阴郁的（过分悲哀、凄惨的样子）

• 同义词：mournful, doleful, melancholy, woeful
• 近义词：somber（阴沉的），gloomy（忧郁的）
• 反义词：cheerful, jovial, buoyant, lighthearted
• 易误用词：ludicrous（荒谬可笑的——拼写相近极易混淆！）；lugubrious 是”过分悲伤/阴郁”
• 例句：
  1. The dog had a lugubrious expression after being scolded. ——Oxford
  2. He spoke in a lugubrious tone about lost opportunities. ——Cambridge
  3. The old mansion had a lugubrious atmosphere. ——Longman
  4. A lugubrious cello piece set the mood for the scene. ——Film Score Review
  5. Her lugubrious face suggested bad news. ——Collins
  6. The novel’s protagonist is a lugubrious, brooding figure. ——TEM-8 Literature Excerpt
  7. Even his jokes carried a lugubrious undertone. ——Literary Biography
  8. The portrait’s lugubrious eyes seemed to follow viewers. ——Art History Text
  9. Rain lent a lugubrious cast to the funeral procession. ——News Report
  10. Some gothic poetry deliberately cultivates a lugubrious style. ——Poetics Handbook

5. trenchant /ˈtrentʃənt/ adj.（批评、言论）锐利的；犀利的；有力的

• 同义词：incisive, sharp, penetrating, keen
• 近义词：cutting（尖刻的），forthright（直率的）
• 反义词：vague, bland, superficial, obtuse
• 易误用词：tranquil（宁静的，拼写相近但义反）；trenchant ≠ trench（壕沟，仅同源词根）
• 例句：
  1. The critic wrote a trenchant analysis of the novel’s flaws. ——TLS (Times Literary Supplement) adapted
  2. Her trenchant remarks exposed the fallacy in his argument. ——Oxford
  3. A trenchant mind cuts through ambiguity. ——Cambridge
  4. The columnist is known for trenchant political commentary. ——Longman
  5. Trenchant questioning revealed inconsistencies in the witness’s story. ——Legal Drama Script
  6. He delivered a trenchant rebuttal to the opposition’s claims. ——Parliamentary Record (adapted)
  7. Few scholars produce such trenchant insights into medieval texts. ——TEM-8 Reading
  8. The essay’s trenchant opening paragraph grabs the reader. ——Rhetoric Textbook
  9. Board members appreciated the trenchant summary of findings. ——Corporate Annual Report
  10. Satire at its best is trenchant yet humane. ——Literary Theory

✅ 今日共推送 CET-4 × 5｜CET-6 × 5｜TEM-8 × 5 = 15词，均与历史记录无重复。坚持每天背诵，明日继续更新！