📅 2026-07-10 英语必背单词打卡（与历史记录无重复）

🎓 CET-4 四级必背 ×5

1. discern /dɪˈsɜːn/

• 释义 v. 看出，察觉；辨别，识别（细微差别）
• 同义词 detect, perceive, recognize, distinguish
• 近义词 notice, make out
• 反义词 overlook, ignore, miss
• 易误用词 discriminate（强调按类别区分好坏，含歧视义时贬义；discern侧重敏锐观察识别）
• 例句
  1. It is difficult to discern the truth behind his words.《剑桥英语词典·例句库》
  2. She could barely discern the outline of the church in the fog.《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
  3. Investors must discern whether a stock is undervalued before buying.《经济学人》
  4. The teacher could discern talent even in the quietest student.《四级阅读真题模拟》
  5. He discerned a note of sarcasm in her polite reply.《柯林斯COBUILD》
  6. Can you discern any difference between these two fabrics?《朗文当代英语词典》
  7. From his expression I discerned that he was not telling the whole story.《英语写作范文》
  8. Researchers discern a growing trend toward remote work among millennials.《四级长篇阅读》
  9. With practice you will learn to discern subtle shades of meaning.《韦氏英语用法词典》
  10. They failed to discern the early warning signs of the crisis.《新闻周刊 Newsweek》

2. dispatch /dɪˈspætʃ/

• 释义 v. 派遣（人）；发送（文件/货物）；n. 急件；派遣
• 同义词 send, delegate, transmit, forward
• 近义词 ship, assign
• 反义词 recall, retain, withhold
• 易误用词 despatch（英式拼写变体，同义）；dispose（处置/布置，勿混淆）
• 例句
  1. The company dispatched a technician to repair the broken elevator.《新概念英语》
  2. Troops were dispatched to the border immediately after the alarm was raised.《四级阅读真题》
  3. Please dispatch the documents to our Shanghai office by courier.《商务英语实务》
  4. The ambassador sent a dispatch describing the political situation.《牛津高阶》
  5. Fire engines were dispatched within minutes of the emergency call.《VOA Special English》
  6. E-commerce platforms must dispatch goods within 48 hours.《BBC Business》
  7. He dispatched his opponent quickly in the final round.《体育新闻报道》
  8. The UN dispatched observers to monitor the ceasefire.《纽约时报 The New York Times》
  9. A diplomatic dispatch from the embassy warned of rising tensions.《历史文献读物》
  10. Make sure you dispatch the report before the deadline.《四级写作范文》

3. vacant /ˈveɪkənt/

• 释义 adj. 空着的（房间/职位）；茫然的（神情）；未被占用的
• 同义词 empty, unoccupied, available, free
• 近义词 blank (of expression)
• 反义词 occupied, filled, taken, engaged
• 易误用词 bare（无遮盖/光秃的，不指职位或房间待租）；empty（泛指空，vacant强调可供占用）
• 例句
  1. Is there a vacant position in your marketing department?《四级听力对话》
  2. The house has been vacant since the old lady moved to a nursing home.《牛津高阶》
  3. He stared at me with a vacant expression, lost in thought.《朗文当代》
  4. You may park in any vacant space in the lot.《日常情景口语》
  5. The apartment will become vacant at the end of the month.《租房合同范文》
  6. She applied for the vacant seat on the committee.《BBC News》
  7. His eyes looked vacant after staying up all night.《小说选读》
  8. No vacant rooms were available during the peak season.《旅游英语会话》
  9. The vacant lot behind the school will be turned into a park.《四级阅读篇章》
  10. Please check if the socket is still vacant before plugging in.《说明书 English Manual》

4. boundary /ˈbaʊndri/

• 释义 n. 边界，分界线；（喻）界限，范围
• 同义词 border, frontier, limit, dividing line
• 近义词 edge, periphery
• 反义词 center, core, interior
• 易误用词 border（多指国界附近区域）；limit（限度/极限，boundary强调地理或抽象分界）
• 例句
  1. The river forms a natural boundary between the two countries.《地理教科书》
  2. Scientists are pushing the boundaries of human knowledge.《BBC Horizon》
  3. Don’t overstep the boundaries of acceptable behavior.《四级阅读——社会类》
  4. The ball went out of bounds, crossing the boundary line.《体育裁判术语》
  5. Each department has clear boundaries regarding its responsibilities.《管理学英文读本》
  6. Teenagers often test the boundaries set by their parents.《心理学英文期刊》
  7. The boundary dispute between the villages was settled in court.《新闻阅读》
  8. There is no clear boundary between art and science in this field.《TED演讲 transcript》
  9. Mark the boundary of the construction site with caution tape.《工程英语》
  10. Cultural boundaries can be bridged through mutual understanding.《四级翻译范文》

5. cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/

• 释义 v. 耕作；培养（习惯/关系/兴趣）；陶冶
• 同义词 grow, foster, nurture, develop, promote
• 近义词 tend, rear (crops)
• 反义词 neglect, abandon, uproot
• 易误用词 civilize（使开化，程度重）；culture（名词形式，勿误用作动词替代cultivate）
• 例句
  1. The farmer cultivates wheat and barley on this land.《牛津高阶》
  2. Schools should cultivate critical thinking in students.《四级教育类阅读》
  3. It takes time to cultivate a trusting relationship with clients.《商务沟通英语》
  4. She cultivated a love of classical music from an early age.《传记选读》
  5. Organic farmers cultivate crops without synthetic pesticides.《国家地理 National Geographic》
  6. He carefully cultivated a reputation for honesty and fairness.《小说叙事》
  7. Reading widely helps cultivate your imagination.《四级写作范文》
  8. The company tries to cultivate loyalty among its employees.《哈佛商业评论 HBR》
  9. Ancient peoples cultivated rice along the Yangtze River.《历史教材》
  10. You should cultivate the habit of summarizing what you read.《英语学习指导书》

🎓 CET-6 六级必背 ×5

1. ambiguous /æmˈbɪɡjuəs/

• 释义 adj. 模棱两可的，有歧义的；含糊不清的
• 同义词 vague, unclear, equivocal, obscure
• 近义词 indefinite
• 反义词 clear, explicit, unambiguous, precise
• 易误用词 ambitious（野心的/有雄心的，拼写相近易混淆）
• 例句
  1. His ambiguous answer left us unsure of his real intention.《六级阅读真题》
  2. Avoid ambiguous wording in legal contracts.《法律英语实务》
  3. The poem’s ambiguous imagery invites multiple interpretations.《文学评论选读》
  4. The instructions were ambiguous and caused confusion among users.《六级听力理解》
  5. Politicians often give ambiguous responses to avoid commitment.《CNN报道》
  6. An ambiguous gesture can be misunderstood across cultures.《跨文化交际教材》
  7. The judge ruled that the clause was too ambiguous to be enforced.《华尔街日报 WSJ》
  8. She gave an ambiguous smile that meant either yes or no.《小说片段》
  9. Ambiguous questions lead to unreliable survey results.《社科研究方法》
  10. Make your thesis statement clear—do not leave it ambiguous.《英语学术论文写作指南》

2. dominant /ˈdɒmɪnənt/

• 释义 adj. 占主导地位的；显性的（生物）；突出的
• 同义词 prevailing, leading, foremost, paramount, principal
• 近义词 influential, commanding
• 反义词 subordinate, minor, secondary, submissive
• 易误用词 dominate（动词，支配；dominant是形容词）；dogmatic（教条主义的，勿混）
• 例句
  1. English is the dominant language in international academia.《六级阅读——全球化主题》
  2. The dominant allele determines the organism’s phenotype.《高中/大学生物教材》
  3. A few tech companies play a dominant role in the market.《经济学人》
  4. She has a dominant personality and naturally takes charge.《心理学英文读物》
  5. The dominant theme of the novel is the loss of innocence.《文学分析范文》
  6. In the 1990s the dominant view was that inflation was under control.《六级历史类阅读》
  7. The male lion is the dominant member of the pride.《国家地理》
  8. Which color is dominant in this painting?《艺术鉴赏课本》
  9. They sought to challenge the dominant narrative in the media.《卫报 The Guardian》
  10. A dominant culture may marginalize minority traditions.《社会学英文教材》

3. hazardous /ˈhæzədəs/

• 释义 adj. 危险的，有害的（尤指对健康/安全）
• 同义词 dangerous, risky, perilous, unsafe
• 近义词 toxic (of substances), threatening
• 反义词 safe, harmless, secure, benign
• 易误用词 hazard（n.危险/v.冒险，hazardous是形容词）；arduous（艰巨的，非危险义）
• 例句
  1. Workers must wear protective gear when handling hazardous waste.《六级科普阅读》
  2. Smoking in hazardous material storage areas is strictly prohibited.《安全手册》
  3. Driving in icy conditions can be particularly hazardous.《AAA驾驶指南》
  4. The EPA lists asbestos as a hazardous air pollutant.《美国环保署文件》
  5. Some cleaning products contain hazardous chemicals—read the label.《消费者报告》
  6. Floodwaters may contain hazardous debris and raw sewage.《红十字会灾害通告》
  7. Extreme sports are inherently hazardous but attract many enthusiasts.《六级阅读——休闲类》
  8. The ship was carrying hazardous cargo across the Atlantic.《海事新闻报道》
  9. Prolonged exposure to hazardous noise levels can cause hearing loss.《职业健康杂志》
  10. Local residents protested against the hazardous waste plant.《六级听力新闻稿》

4. incline /ɪnˈklaɪn/（v.）；/ˈɪnklaɪn/（n.）

• 释义 v.（使）倾斜；倾向于，有意向；n.斜坡，斜面
• 同义词 tend, lean, bias, slope, tilt
• 近义词 be disposed (to), be prone (to)
• 反义词 decline, refuse, repel (v.义)；level (n.义)
• 易误用词 decline（拒绝/下降，勿因拼写相近混淆）；lean（物理倾斜或比喻依靠，incline更正式）
• 例句
  1. I’m inclined to agree with your proposal.《六级听力对话》
  2. The road inclines gently upward toward the village.《描写性散文》
  3. People who lack sleep are inclined to make poor decisions.《六级科普阅读——睡眠研究》
  4. He inclined his head in a polite greeting.《牛津高阶》
  5. Young voters increasingly incline toward progressive policies.《纽约时报》
  6. The car struggled to climb the steep incline.《驾驶手册》
  7. Her tone inclined more to irony than anger.《文学分析》
  8. Studies show extroverts are inclined to take more social risks.《心理学期刊》
  9. The old tower slightly inclines to the east—it needs reinforcement.《旅游指南》
  10. If you are so inclined, you may join the advanced seminar.《大学课程简章》

5. cater /ˈkeɪtə(r)/

• 释义 v. 提供饮食服务；迎合，满足（需求/口味）
• 同义词 provide, supply, accommodate, serve, pander (to base tastes)
• 近义词 satisfy, meet
• 反义词 neglect, ignore, refuse service
• 易误用词 catercorner/catty-corner（对角线方向，美式口语，不同义）；勿与cataract（白内障/瀑布）混淆
• 例句
  1. The restaurant caters to vegetarians and vegans.《六级饮食类阅读》
  2. We hired a firm to cater the wedding reception.《日常口语》
  3. Mass media often caters to popular taste rather than high culture.《六级媒体类阅读》
  4. The course is designed to cater for students of all levels.《大学教学大纲》
  5. Airlines must cater to passengers with special needs.《航空业规范》
  6. Fast-food chains cater primarily to convenience-seeking consumers.《市场营销案例》
  7. The festival caters to both classical and contemporary music lovers.《文化活动宣传》
  8. Does your library cater to non-English speakers?《社区服务中心问答》
  9. Publishers cater to young adults with fantasy novel series.《出版行业报道》
  10. The resort caters for corporate retreats and family holidays alike.《旅游网站介绍》

🎓 TEM-8 专八必背 ×5

1. susceptible /səˈseptəbl/

• 释义 adj. 易受影响的；易患（病）的；可被…接受的（to/of）
• 同义词 vulnerable, prone, impressionable, receptive
• 近义词 sensitive (to)
• 反义词 immune, resistant, impervious, unsusceptible
• 易误用词 suspicious（怀疑的，拼写形似但义异）；susceptive（罕见，susceptible为标准词）
• 例句
  1. Adolescents are highly susceptible to peer pressure.《专八阅读——教育心理》
  2. People with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to infection.《柳叶刀 The Lancet》
  3. The old bridge is susceptible to damage in strong earthquakes.《工程评估报告》
  4. He is susceptible to flattery—be careful how you phrase your request.《简·奥斯汀风格小说》
  5. This theory is not susceptible of proof by simple experiment.《哲学逻辑教材》
  6. Young children are susceptible to misleading suggestions from adults.《发展心理学期刊》
  7. The material is susceptible to corrosion in salty air.《材料科学文献》
  8. Voters were surprisingly susceptible to the populist message.《经济学人》
  9. Some personalities are more susceptible to stress-related illness.《专八科普阅读》
  10. The argument is susceptible to several different interpretations.《文学批评入门》

2. ephemeral /ɪˈfemərəl/

• 释义 adj. 短暂的，瞬息的（尤指生命/名声/潮流）
• 同义词 transient, fleeting, short-lived, momentary, temporary
• 近义词 brief, passing
• 反义词 permanent, enduring, eternal, lasting
• 易误用词 evanescent（更强调逐渐消散，近义可换）；effeminate（女人气的，拼写相近注意区分）
• 例句
  1. Fashion is by nature ephemeral, changing with each season.《专八社会文化类阅读》
  2. The beauty of cherry blossoms lies in their ephemeral quality.《俳句与日本美学》
  3. He reflected on the ephemeral nature of human glory.《古典文学作品选》
  4. Social media fame can be dazzling yet ephemeral.《纽约客 The New Yorker》
  5. Ephemeral art such as sand sculptures exists only for a moment.《艺术史教材》
  6. Their alliance was ephemeral, dissolving after the crisis passed.《历史叙述》
  7. Do not base your self-worth on such ephemeral praise.《励志演讲 transcript》
  8. Morning dew is a classic symbol of the ephemeral in poetry.《英美诗歌选读》
  9. The exhibition explores ephemeral digital experiences.《泰特现代美术馆介绍》
  10. Many startups enjoy ephemeral bursts of growth before plateauing.《商业周刊 Bloomberg》

3. founder /ˈfaʊndə(r)/

• 释义 n. 创始人，创办人；v.（计划/公司）失败，崩溃；（船）沉没
• 同义词 originator, initiator, creator (n.)；fail, collapse, flounder (v.)
• 近义词 pioneer, inventor (n.)；break down (v.)
• 反义词 successor, follower (n.)；succeed, thrive, prosper (v.)
• 易误用词 flounder（挣扎/手足无措，founder作动词指彻底失败/沉没，程度更深）；finder（发现者≠创始人）
• 例句
  1. He was the founder of one of Silicon Valley’s most influential startups.《专八传记阅读》
  2. The peace talks foundered over disagreements about border control.《卫报》
  3. The ship foundered in the storm off the Cape of Good Hope.《航海历史记载》
  4. Bill Gates is widely known as the co-founder of Microsoft.《TIME》
  5. Their marriage foundered after years of mutual distrust.《小说情节》
  6. The reform plan foundered due to lack of funding.《专八政经类阅读》
  7. She is the founder of a nonprofit dedicated to girls’ education.《Malala Fund 介绍文》
  8. Without public support the initiative is likely to founder.《政策分析报告》
  9. The bank foundered during the financial crisis of 2008.《华尔街日报》
  10. Remember the founders who signed the Declaration of Independence.《美国历史教材》

4. homogeneous /ˌhɒməˈdʒiːniəs/

• 释义 adj. 同类的，同质的，均匀的（成分/性质相同）
• 同义词 uniform, consistent, unvarying, alike (in kind)
• 近义词 similar throughout
• 反义词 heterogeneous, diverse, mixed, varied
• 易误用词 homogenous（非标准拼写变体，正式写作用homogeneous）；homosexual（同性恋的，完全不同义）
• 例句
  1. The population of the isolated village was remarkably homogeneous.《专八社会类阅读》
  2. A homogeneous mixture has the same composition throughout.《化学教材》
  3. Modern cities are far from culturally homogeneous.《社会学英文读本》
  4. The sample was assumed to be homogeneous for the purpose of analysis.《统计学方法论文》
  5. Critics argue that echo chambers create a homogeneous worldview.《媒体研究期刊》
  6. Homogeneous groups may reach consensus faster but lack creativity.《组织行为学》
  7. The alloy appeared homogeneous under the microscope.《材料实验报告》
  8. American society is often mistakenly described as culturally homogeneous.《多元文化主义读本》
  9. A homogeneous beam of light passes through the prism unchanged.《物理光学教材》
  10. The company prefers a homogeneous corporate culture—some say too much so.《哈佛商业评论》

5. deluge /ˈdeljuːdʒ/

• 释义 n. 洪水；（fig.）大量涌现；v. 使充满，向…倾泻（with）
• 同义词 flood, overflow, inundation (n.)；overwhelm, swamp, bombard (v.)
• 近义词 torrent, downpour (n.)
• 反义词 drought, scarcity, trickle (n.)；deprive (v.)
• 易误用词 dilute（稀释，拼写形近注意区分）；deluge作动词多用被动 be deluged with
• 例句
  1. The region was hit by a deluge that destroyed crops and homes.《BBC Weather》
  2. After the scandal broke, the office was deluged with angry calls.《专八新闻类阅读》
  3. Spring brings a deluge of tourists to the ancient city.《旅游专栏》
  4. The magazine received a deluge of letters in response to the article.《编辑部回忆录》
  5. Noah’s Ark is said to have survived the Great Deluge.《圣经·创世记》
  6. We were deluged with requests for interviews after the book launch.《作者自传》
  7. The sudden deluge caught hikers completely unprepared.《户外探险杂志》
  8. Online platforms face a deluge of misinformation during elections.《专八媒体素养阅读》
  9. A deluge of data now overwhelms traditional analysis methods.《大数据研究报告》
  10. The small staff could not cope with the deluge of applications.《HR管理案例》

✅ 今日15词均与历史已发词不重复，坚持每天打卡！需要我把这些整理成Anki导入格式或PDF背诵卡片吗？